| Alternate Common Names |
N/A |
| U.S. Range in the Pacific Ocean |
Oregon to Baja (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Habitat |
Intertidal and sublittoral (Iversen and Hale 1992) |
| Substrate |
N/A |
| Depth range (meters) |
Over 180 (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Behavior |
Large adults do not move from set location on a rock (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| General Temperature Range (°C) |
N/A |
| General Salinity Range (ppt) |
N/A |
| Maximum Overall Recorded Size (cm) |
N/A |
| Maximum Recorded Size for Males (cm) |
N/A |
| Maximum Recorded Size for Females (cm) |
N/A |
| Average Maximum Overall Length (cm) |
27.9
1.8 kg (Iversen and Hale 1992)
30 (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Average Maximum Overall Length for Males (cm) |
N/A |
| Average Maximum Overall Length for Females (cm) |
N/A |
| Average Maximum weight (kg) |
N/A |
| Average Maximum weight for Males (cm) |
N/A |
| Average Maximum weight for Females (cm) |
N/A |
| Length When Harvested (cm) |
N/A |
| Weight When Harvested (kg) |
N/A |
| Overall Length to Age Ratio (cm/age in years) |
N/A |
| Male Length to Age Ratio (cm/age in years) |
N/A |
| Female Length to Age Ratio (cm/age in years) |
N/A |
| Overall Maximum Age (years) |
+20 (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Maximum Age for Males (years) |
N/A |
| Maximum Age for Females (years) |
N/A |
| Age when Harvested (years) |
2.5–3 (Iversen and Hale 1992) |
| Overall Growth Rate |
2.9 cm/year (Iversen and Hale 1992)
17 mm per year when 3–4 years old (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Male Growth Rate |
N/A |
| Female Growth Rate |
N/A |
| Overall Age at Maturity (years) |
N/A |
| Male Age at Maturity (years) |
N/A |
| Female Age at Maturity (years) |
N/A |
| Overall Length at Maturity (cm) |
4.0 (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Male Length at Maturity (cm) |
N/A |
| Female Length at Maturity (cm) |
N/A |
| Maturity/Temperature Relationship |
N/A |
| Type of Reproduction |
N/A |
| Fecundity |
100,000–2,500,000 (Iversen and Hale 1992)
12,600,000 (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Spawning Habitat |
N/A |
| Spawning Behavior |
Broadcast spawners (Anderson 2001)
May spawn following sudden temperature change or 1–2 hour exposure to air (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Time of Year of Spawning |
Spring and Summer (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Number of Spawns per season |
N/A |
| Spawning/Temperature Relationship (°C) |
N/A |
| Spawning/Salinity Relationship |
N/A |
| Description of Eggs |
N/A |
| Habitat where Eggs are found |
Sink to sediment or rock floor (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Days to Hatch |
0.5 (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Time of Year when Eggs Hatch |
N/A |
| Temperature for Egg Survival (°C) |
N/A |
| Salinity for Egg Survival (ppt) |
N/A |
| Predators on Eggs |
N/A |
| Habitat where Larvae are found |
N/A |
| Days in Larval Stage |
5–14 (Iversen and Hale 1992)
5 days as swimming larvae at 15°C
14 days as swimming larvae at 10°C (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Temperature for Larval Survival (°C) |
N/A |
| Salinity for Larval Survival (ppt) |
N/A |
| Larval Food Preference |
N/A |
| Habitat where Juveniles are found |
N/A |
| Length when Juvenile Settles out (cm) |
N/A |
| Temperature for Juvenile Survival (°C) |
N/A |
| Salinity for Juvenile Survival (ppt) |
N/A |
| Where and When Juvenile Feeds |
N/A |
| Juvenile Food Preference |
N/A |
| Habitat where Adults are found (depth in meters) |
N/A |
| Temperature for Adult Survival (°C) |
N/A |
| Salinity for Adult Survival (ppt) |
N/A |
| Adult Feeding Type |
N/A |
| Adult Food Preference |
Young individuals eat Diatoms, Unicellular algae, Coralline algae
Juveniles and Adults eat Ulva and Macrocystis, Hydrozoans, Bryozoans, Copepods, Foraminifera (Iversen and Hale 1992)
Algae (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Food Eaten in Laboratory Setting |
N/A |
| Amount of Food Eaten in Laboratory Setting |
N/A |
| Additional Laboratory Findings |
Can hybridize with other abalone species (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Environmental Considerations |
N/A |
| Commercial Fishery |
Important in Hawaii and Pacific Northwest (Iversen and Hale 1992) |
| Market |
Have been eaten by humans for over 7,000 years (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Sold Fresh or Frozen |
N/A |
| Style Species is Sold |
N/A |
| Additional Use of the Species |
N/A |
| Shelf-life in Fresh State (days at 40°F) |
N/A |
| Shelf-life in Frozen State (months at 0°F) |
N/A |
| Shelf-life Canned (months) |
N/A |
| Weight sold in Oregon (kg) |
N/A |
| Ornamental Market |
Popular in aquariums (Anderson 2001) |
| Parasites or Disease |
Nematode (Echinocephalus pseudouncinatus) in pink abalone (Iversen and Hale 1992)
Bacteria (Vibrio alginolyticus) in cultured species (Iversen and Hale 1992) |
| Additional Remarks |
"...California's largest marine snail (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980)."
Will take on the color of the color of algae that it eats (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Location where Species has been Researched/Farmed |
California
Hawaii
Korea
Ireland
Japan
Australia (Iversen and Hale 1992)
Research into restocking depleted wild populations and rearing for food were being conducted even before 1980 (Abbott and Haderlie in Morris et al. 1980) |
| Appropriate Aquaculture Systems |
N/A |
